Title: A
Pheromone-Aided Multipath QoS Routing Protocol and its Applications in MANETs
Authors: George Kesidis, Paul Jeon
Abstract: In this paper, we present an ant-based multipath QoS routing
protocol that utilizes a single link metric combining multiple weighted
criteria. The metric is applied to the proposed energy efficient multipath
algorithm that considers both energy and latency. Energy efficiency is an
important issue in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) since node energy supplies
are stored in batteries. In order to increase the network lifetime it is
important to maximize the minimum node energy along a path. As the network
topology changes, failures may occur on active routes, resulting in the need for
new route discoveries if only single routes per flow are maintained. Frequent
new route discovery would, however, increase routing overhead and increase mean
and peak packet latency. Using multiple routes simultaneously per flow can be a
solution to these problems. Also, a special case of the multipath QoS routing
protocol that considers throughput is applied to a security context. A
compromised node can obstruct network communication by simply dropping packets
that are supposed to be forwarded. In our approach, messages are distributed
over multiple paths between source and destination using ant-based QoS routing.
In proportion to the throughput of each path, a pheromone-aided routing table is
updated and, subsequently, paths that contain malicious nodes are naturally
avoided.